In this lecture, which I presented on June 19, 2024 in South Africa, I use concepts from Biosemiotics to explain why Large Language Models (LLMs) and other kinds of AI fall short and will never be able to develop true, creative intelligence.  The problem is that AI uses only symbols, whereas biological systems use icons, indexes, and symbols.  These three types of biological signs function within a physical medium that defines how they can function based on similarity and proximity.

To hear my talk follow this link to the conference page, click on the video for June 19 and start at  3:13:53. The Q&A that follows end at 3:49:45

Held under the auspices of the International Society for Biosemiotic Studies, the 24th annual Gathering took place at the University of the Free State in Bloemfontein, South Africa, organized by Kobus Marais and Xany Jansen Van Vuuren.